Detection of ocular health problems in polymedicated patients through new professional services in Community Pharmacy

Objective: Analyze the results of a new professional service specialized in visual health (PSSVH) for the detection of ocular health problems (OHP) in polymedicated patients and to identify possible factors associated with the appearance and control of these OHP. 

Methods: Observational and descriptive study. Location: Community pharmacy in Murcia, Spain. Participants: 92 patients suffering at least from a diagnosed or suspected OHP and who used ≥4 chronic medications were included. Main measurements: Patients were given a protocolised visual health examination (PVHE). The dependent variables were the types of OHP detected in the PVHE and the independent variables were adherence to and knowledge of chronic ophthalmic treatment among others. 

Results: The total number of OHP was 303 (3.3 OHP/patient), of which 64% were not controlled (OHP_NC) and 32.3% were not known to the patient. Most of OHP detected were associated with refraction. 57,1% of the patients undergoing treatment with antiglaucomatous drugs and 100% of those treated for dry eye indicated non-adherence to treatment; 78.6% and 71.4% respectively had no knowledge of this medication. The bivariate analysis showed that age, educational level and profession of the patients are related to the number of OHP_NC. 

Conclusions: The PSSVH allows a large number of OHP_NC in polymedicated patients. Main interventions should be aimed at improving adherence to and knowledge of ophthalmic medication, referrals to specialists and advice on ophthalmic correction.